MPV Commentary

His Procedure towards the Gentiles.

The apostles and brethren in Judea were questioning Peter about his actions among the Gentiles (1-11).

They were primarily Jewish Christians who were concerned that Peter's interactions with non-Jews undermined the distinction between Jew and Gentile, which circumcision represented (2). They likely included apostles among their number.

Peter's critics demanded an explanation from him, despite his position as a leading apostle. There is no indication of disrespect towards Peter or any suggestion that he was asserting authority over them (3-4).

When confronted about visiting Cornelius' house, Peter explained that he had been sent to the man by God and simply referred to Cornelius as an individual who had received a divine message (12-13). The angel's words to Cornelius emphasized the importance of receiving the Gospel message for salvation (14). This message was not limited to Cornelius but also included his entire household.

Peter recalled Jesus' teaching about baptism with water and the Holy Spirit, which he believed supported his actions among the Gentiles. He argued that if God had given the Holy Spirit to these non-Jews, it would be inconsistent for him to withhold baptism from them (16-17).

The Jewish party was silenced and praised God after hearing Peter's explanation. However, they could have shown a similar attitude of reverence and submission when Paul later presented equally compelling evidence in support of his own interactions with Gentiles (18). In fact, God has granted repentance unto life to the Gentiles as well, which is more than just being willing to pardon upon repentance (19-20). This is evident in Cornelius' conversion, where grace played a central role throughout his religious experience.