MPV Commentary

Israel of safety in the coming commotions.

20 The month was the ninth in the second year of Darius, the same date as Prophecy III (Hag 2:10).

21 To Zerubbabel, perhaps in response to his inquiry about the convulsions foretold (Hag 2:6-7). This prophecy addresses Zerubbabel, their civil leader and representative, not Joshua, their religious leader. As such, it points forward to Messiah as the national Representative and King with whom God makes a covenant of safety in His electing love (compare Hag 2:23).

shake ... heavens violent political convulsions accompanied by physical prodigies (Mt 24:7, 29).

22 All other world kingdoms will be overthrown to make way for Christ's universal kingdom (Da 2:44). War chariots will give place to His reign of peace (Mic 5:10; Zec 9:10).

23 God takes Zerubbabel under His protection and promotes him and his people to honor (Ps 78:70). A signet ring was a symbol of delegated authority, highly valued for its precious stones and gold. In this way, the theocratic people, represented by Zerubbabel as type, and Messiah as Antitype, are regarded by God as His own chosen ones (Isa 42:1; 43:10; 44:1; 49:3). This guarantee of safety for Israel to the end is rooted in God's gratuitous choice of them through Messiah.