MPV Commentary

1-5. Jethro came to Moses at the mountain of God, where the Israelites were encamped. However, this event likely occurred earlier than its current placement in the narrative, as it is described when they had been traveling for three months (Ex 19:1-2; De 1:6-15).

6. He brought his wife and her two sons with him.

7. Moses went out to meet Jethro, their greetings would have been characterized by warm Oriental hospitality, marked by salutations, obeisances, and a shared meal in the tent. Their conversation centered on God's wonderful works and providence.

12. Jethro then offered a burnt offering, which was followed by a solemn religious service. The sacrifices were peace offerings used in a feast of joy and gratitude, at which Jethro, as priest of the true God, presided, and to which the chiefs of Israel were invited. This incident reflects the character of both parties and is worthy of imitation when Christian friends gather.

13-26. The next day Moses sat to judge the people from morning until evening. As a type of Christ in His legislative and judicial roles, he appears here as a specimen of his daily duties. In Eastern cultures, governors typically sit at the public gate of their palace or city, hearing causes, receiving petitions, and adjusting disputes.

17. Jethro advised Moses that this system was not good for him, for justice, or for the people. He suggested dividing labor among others to help with the workload (Ex 18:21-22). This principle has been widely accepted in both church and state, demonstrating its soundness and advantages.

23. If you follow this advice, Moses would have needed to seek God's approval before implementing it. Although we are not told if he did so, it is clear that every Christian should seek divine direction in all matters.